VBA - Operators

An Operator can be defined using a simple expression - 4 + 5 is equal to 9. Here, 4 and 5 are called operands and + is called operator. VBA supports following types of operators −

• Arithmetic Operators
• Comparison Operators
• Logical (or Relational) Operators
• Concatenation Operators

The Arithmatic Operators

Following arithmetic operators are supported by VBA.

Assume variable A holds 5 and variable B holds 10, then −

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Operator	Description	Example
+	Adds the two operands	A + B will give 15
-	Subtracts the second operand from the first	A - B will give -5
*	Multiplies both the operands	A * B will give 50
/	Divides the numerator by the denominator	B / A will give 2
%	Modulus operator and the remainder after an integer division	B % A will give 0
^	Exponentiation operator	B ^ A will give 100000

The Comparison Operators

There are following comparison operators supported by VBA.

Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20, then −

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Operator	Description	Example
=	Checks if the value of the two operands are equal or not. If yes, then the condition is true.	(A = B) is False.
<>	Checks if the value of the two operands are equal or not. If the values are not equal, then the condition is true.	(A <> B) is True.
>	Checks if the value of the left operand is greater than the value of the right operand. If yes, then the condition is true.	(A > B) is False.
<	Checks if the value of the left operand is less than the value of the right operand. If yes, then the condition is true.	(A < B) is True.
>=	Checks if the value of the left operand is greater than or equal to the value of the right operand. If yes, then the condition is true.	(A >= B) is False.
<=	Checks if the value of the left operand is less than or equal to the value of the right operand. If yes, then the condition is true.	(A <= B) is True.

The Logical Operators

Following logical operators are supported by VBA.

Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 0, then −

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Operator	Description	Example
AND	Called Logical AND operator. If both the conditions are True, then the Expression is true.	a<>0 AND b<>0 is False.
OR	Called Logical OR Operator. If any of the two conditions are True, then the condition is true.	a<>0 OR b<>0 is true.
NOT	Called Logical NOT Operator. Used to reverse the logical state of its operand. If a condition is true, then Logical NOT operator will make false.	NOT(a<>0 OR b<>0) is false.
XOR	Called Logical Exclusion. It is the combination of NOT and OR Operator. If one, and only one, of the expressions evaluates to be True, the result is True.	(a<>0 XOR b<>0) is true.

The Concatenation Operators

Following Concatenation operators are supported by VBA.

Assume variable A holds 5 and variable B holds 10 then −

Show Examples

Operator	Description	Example
+	Adds two Values as Variable. Values are Numeric	A + B will give 15
&	Concatenates two Values	A & B will give 510

Assume variable A = "Microsoft" and variable B = "VBScript", then −

Operator	Description	Example
+	Concatenates two Values	A + B will give MicrosoftVBScript
&	Concatenates two Values	A & B will give MicrosoftVBScript

Note − Concatenation Operators can be used for both numbers and strings. The output depends on the context, if the variables hold numeric value or string value.